Selenium is a portable and popular open-source software-testing framework for web applications. It provides a playback tool for authoring tests without the necessity to acquire knowledge of a test scripting language (Selenium IDE). Selenium also provides a test domain-specific language (Selenese) to write tests in several popular programming languages, including Scala, Groovy, Java, Ruby, C#, PHP, Python, and Perl. The tests can then run against the current and newest web browsers. Selenium deploys on Windows, macOS, and Linux platforms.
Selenium is composed of respective components with specific role assists the web application test automation development:
1. Selenium Grid
2. Selenium IDE (Integrated Development Environment)
3. Selenium WebDriver
4. Selenium RC (Remote Control)
Today, users access sites and web applications on different platforms, devices, and browsers. Organizations demand robust test automation tools to assess all aspects of their web applications across varied platforms within a short time span. In addition to managing web application testing time, the test automation frameworks or models also help QA professionals of the leading QA firms to produce more accurate, time-tested, and guaranteed results.
As a robust automated testing suite, Selenium simplifies and accelerates web app testing by supporting multiple programming languages, operating systems, and browsers. The tools provided by Selenium further make it simpler for testing professionals to control different aspects of web browsers as well as to automate web browsers programmatically. Based on their specified requirements, web application testers have the option to use either Selenium WebDriver or Selenium IDE.
7 Basic Steps of Selenium Tests:
There are 7 common steps to create the Selenium test script, which is applicable to any test case and any application under test (AUT).
1. Navigate to a Web page.
2. Form a WebDriver instance.
3. Evaluate the browser response to the action.
4. Locate or Find an HTML element on the Website page.
5. Perform an action on an HTML element.
6. Run tests & record test results by using a specific test framework.
7. Conclude the test.
The Example: Login Use Case
<body>
…
<form action=”loginAction” id=”loginForm”>
<label>User name: </label>
<input type=”text” name=”username”><br>
<label>Password: </label>
<input type=”text” name=”password”><br>
<button type=”submit” id=”loginButton”>Log In</button>
<button type=”reset” id=”reset”>Clear</button>
</form>
…
</body>
</html>
What’s the Primary Use?
Selenium is highly demanding on Agile teams developing web GUIs.Professional Developers enjoy testing with their known programming/scripting languages, however, testers new to programming face a steep-sided learning curve. Plus, the more applications change, the more programming is requisite to keep tests in synchronizing.The uses of Selenium increase as you advance in the suite and the basic fundamental principle of Selenium though revolve around browser testing, as developers & testers likewise love the ability of the open-source framework in order to mimic a real user’s actions in the browser. Developers create test scripts that run locally or in the cloud to evaluate basic functional correctness & verify visual designs. Such test scripts can range from simple JavaScript unit tests or fully automated end-to-end functional tests for the everyday users, like the login or checkout process.
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